Chemistry - GENERAL CHEMISTRY Question with Solution | TestHub

Identify the processes: $\Delta H_1$, $\Delta H_2$, and $\Delta H_3$ represent the successive ionization energies ($I{E}_1,I{E}_2,I{E}_3$) of Sodium ($X=Na$, $Z=11$).

Magnitudes of forward and reverse reactions: $\Delta H_4$ and $\Delta H_5$ represent the forward and backward processes between $X$ and $X^{-}$, so $|\Delta H_4|=|\Delta H_5|$ (Option A is correct).

Successive Ionization Energies: For any atom, successive ionization energies always increase ($I{E}_1<I{E}_2<I{E}_3$). Thus, $|\Delta H_2|>|\Delta H_1|$ is correct (Option B) and $|\Delta H_2|>|\Delta H_3|$ is incorrect (Option C).

Equal opposite transitions: $\Delta H_6$ represents the exact reverse process of $\Delta H_1$ ($X^{+}\to X$), meaning their magnitudes are equal: $|\Delta H_1|=|\Delta H_6|$ (Option D is correct).