Zoology - Molecular Basis of Inheritance Question with Solution | TestHub

A complex set of enzymes regulate the protein production process. One of the enzymes is peptidyl transferase which forms peptide bonds between amino acids in found on the 50S subunit (larger subunit) of ribosome. It acts a ribozyme.

The process of protein synthesis takes place over the ribosomes. Thus, they are also called protein factories having two unequal parts called subunits. One large subunit and another smaller subunit. A groove is present in the large subunit which pushes the newly formed protein chain out and protects from cellular enzymes.

During the protein synthesis process the small and large subunits come together where the smaller subunit fits over the larger one like a cap but leaves a tunnel for mRNA.

There are three binding sites on ribosomes that bind to the tRNA- P, A and E. The two ribosomal units jointly contribute the P-site (peptidyl transfer or donor site). The acceptor site or amino-acyl site (A-site) is located on the larger subunit and the E-site is found to be facing the tunnel site on larger subunit