Zoology - Chemical Coordination and Integration Question with Solution | TestHub

Cretinism is a type of mental retardation and bodily malformation caused by severe, uncorrected thyroid deficiency in infancy and early childhood Delta cells is a type of cell in the pancreas (the organ of the digestive system located behind the stomach). Within the pancreas, the delta cells are located in areas called the islets of Langerhans. The delta cells make somatostatin, a hormone that inhibits the release of numerous hormones in the body. Somatostatin has a variety of functions. Taken together, they work to reduce the rate at which food is absorbed from the contents of the intestine. Somatostatin is also secreted by the hypothalamus and by the intestine.Beta cells in the pancreatic islets secrete the hormone insulin in response to a high concentration of glucose in the blood. Parathyroid hormone is a hormone secreted by the parathyroid glands that regulates the metabolism of calcium and phosphate in the body. Parathyroid hormone acts to raise the extracellular calcium concentration, that is, the concentration of calcium ions in the spaces between the cells of the body and in the blood plasma; it promotes the absorption of calcium by the intestine, mobilizes calcium salts from the bones, and increases the tendency of the kidney to recover calcium from the urine. The hormone also enhances both the excretion of phosphate by the kidneys and its uptake by the cells.