A crate rests on a horizontal surface and a woman pulls on it with a 10-N force. Rank the situations shown below according to the magnitude of the normal force exerted by the surface on the crate, least to greatest.

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The crate does not accelerate vertically, so the normal force is N = Mg minus any upward component of the applied 10 N force.

Situation 1 (horizontal pull): no upward component, so N_1 = Mg.

Situation 2 (angled pull): N_2 = Mg - 10 sin $θ$ < Mg.

Situation 3 (straight upward pull): N_3 = Mg - 10, the smallest of all.

$N_{3} < N_{2} < N_{1}$

Ranking least to greatest: 3, 2, 1. Correct option: (E).

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