Physics - Semiconductors Question with Solution | TestHub

A p-type semiconductor is formed by doping an intrinsic semiconductor with a trivalent impurity (such as Boron, Aluminum, or Gallium).

Since trivalent impurities have three valence electrons, they create a deficiency of one electron per atom when forming covalent bonds with the host crystal, which acts as a hole.

Therefore, in a p-type semiconductor, holes are the majority charge carriers and electrons are the minority charge carriers.

Answer: trivalent impurity and holes are majority carriers.