Physics - Current Electricity Question with Solution | TestHub

For series connection, the equivalent resistance is $R_{eq,S}=R+R=2R$. The power dissipated is $P_1=V^2/R_{eq,S}=V^2/(2R)$. For parallel connection, the equivalent resistance is $R_{eq,P}=(R\times R)/(R+R)=R/2$. The power dissipated is $P_2=V^2/R_{eq,P}=V^2/(R/2)=2V^2/R$. Comparing $P_2$ and $P_1$, we get $P_2=4P_1$. So, Assertion (A) is true. Reason (R) correctly explains that for a given voltage source, higher equivalent resistance leads to lower power dissipation ($P=V^2/R_{eq}$). In series, $R_{eq,S}=2R$, and in parallel, $R_{eq,P}=R/2$, so $R_{eq,S}>R_{eq,P}$, leading to $P_1<P_2$. Both Assertion and Reason are true, and Reason correctly explains Assertion.