Chemistry - PRACTICAL ORGANIC CHEMISTRY Question with Solution | TestHub

(a) Charcoal treatment removes coloured impurity through adsorption. (b) Steam distillation separates the mixture of $o$-nitrophenol and $p$-nitrophenol. The $o$-nitrophenol is steam volatile (due to intramolecular hydrogen bonding), and the para isomer is not volatile. (c) Fractional distillation separates crude naphtha. Naphtha is a flammable liquid hydrocarbon mixture. (d) Distillation under reduced pressure separates mixture of glycerol and sugars. Vacuum distillation lowers the boiling point and prevents decomposition.