Chemistry - GOC Question with Solution | TestHub
Total number of groups which can show primarily -I effect when attached to benzene ring :
(a) -OH (b)
(c) 
(d) -Cl
(e) (f)
(g)
(h)
(i)
(j)
(k)
Answer:
Solution:
(a), (b), (c), (d), (e), (i), (j), (k)
Groups showing -I effect are those that are more electronegative than carbon or have a positive charge.
(a) -OH, (b) -NH₂, (c) -NO₂, (d) -Cl, (e) -N⁺Me₃, (i) -COOH, (j) -C≡N, (k) -CHO all exhibit a -I effect.
(f) -O⁻ and (g) -CH₃ show a +I effect.
(h) -Ph (phenyl) shows a weak -I effect but is primarily known for its resonance effects. In this context, it's often considered neutral or weakly electron-donating via resonance.
Therefore, 8 groups show a -I effect.