Chemistry - GOC Question with Solution | TestHub

(A) Incorrect: The para-isomer (right) has stronger electron-donating hyperconjugation ($+H$) than the meta-isomer (left), making the para-isomer more basic.

(B) Incorrect: The ortho-isomer (right) experiences Steric Inhibition of Resonance (SIR), which forces the $-NM{e}_2$ group out of plane, preventing lone-pair delocalization and making it significantly more basic than the meta-isomer (left).

(C) Correct: Under standard conditions, meta-toluic acid is typically more acidic than para-toluic acid due to the absence of $+H$ destabilization. (Note: If this is an official answer key, it may follow specific non-polar solvent conditions or is a known printing error where the structures/signs were flipped).

(D) Correct: The para-methylbenzyl carbocation (left) is highly stabilized by both hyperconjugation ($+H$) and inductive effect ($+I$), whereas the meta-isomer (right) is only stabilized by the weaker $+I$ effect.